ANSI-B92.1-1970(R1993)-SAE美国渐开线花键-中文翻译完整版.docx

SPLINESANDSERRATIONSAsplinedshaftisonehavingaseriesofparallelkeysformedintegrallywiththeshaftandmatingwithcorrespondinggroovescutinahuborfitting;thisarrangementisincontrasttoashafthavingaseriesofkeysorfeathersfittedintoslotscutintotheshaft.Thelatterconstructionweakenstheshafttoaconsiderabledegreebecauseoftheslotscutintoitandconsequently,reducesitstorque-transmittingcapacity.花键轴是一种具有“一系列相互平行的齿、并且齿与轴整体成型”的轴，它与在轮毂上或者装配体上开的键槽相配合。这种装置与“在轴上开槽并且与一组销子或者楔键相配合”的结构相反。后者的结构由于在轴上开槽大大降低了轴（的强度），降低了传递扭矩的能力。Splinedshaftsaremostgenerallyusedinthreetypesofapplications:1）forcouplingshaftswhenrelativelyheavytorquesaretobetransmittedwithoutslippage;2）fortransmittingpowertoslidably-mountedorpermanently-fixedgears,pulleys,andotherrotatingmembers;and3）forattachingpartsthatmayrequireremovalforindexingorchangeinangularposition.花键轴主要用在以下三种情况：1）需要在无滑动的联轴器上传递大的扭矩；2）用于向“可滑动的装配组件”或者“固定装配的齿轮组或滑轮副”传递动力，3）用于“要求指定滑移量或转角位置”的配件上。译注Al：“slidably-mounted”例如球笼式等速万向节，万向节同时能转动一定角度；"ermancnUy-fixcdgears”例如齿轮变速箱。（凡是带“译注”的，表示洋者的理解，下同）Splineshavingstraight-sidedteethhavebeenusedinmanyapplications（seeSAEParallelSideSplinesforSoftBroachedHolesinFittings）;however,theuseofsplineswithteethofinvoluteprofilehassteadilyincreasedsince1）involutesplinecouplingshavegreatertorque-transmittingcapacitythananyothertype;2）theycanbeproducedbythesametechniquesandequipmentasisusedtocutgears;and3）theyhaveaself-centeringactionunderloadevenwhenthereisbacklashbetweenmatingmembers.具有“直边式齿形”的花键已经适用于多种场合（清查看“用于软拉削加工成型的直边式花键”）；然而，“齿侧具有渐开线形状的花键”的使用正在逐步的增长，原因如下：1）渐开线花键传递扭矩的性能超过其他形式；2）可用加工齿轮的技术或设备来加工；3）在内齿和外齿配合情况下产生的反作用力具有自定心功能。译注A2："ParalldSideSplines”指的是矩形花键，文中翻译成“直边式花键”，见6GB"II44矩形花锭尺寸、公差和检验；译注A3：oSAEParallelSideSplinesforSoftBroachedHolesinFittings,（指SAEJ499A,种类似GB/T1144的标准。InvoluteSplinesAmericanNationalStandardInvoluteSplines*.Thesesplinesormultiplekeysaresimilarinformtointernalandexternalinvolutegears.Thegeneralpracticeistoformtheexternalsplineseitherbyhobbing,rolling,oronagearshaper,andinternalsplineseitherbybroachingoronagearshaper.Theinternalsplineisheldtobasicdimensionsandtheexternalsplineisvariedtocontrolthefit.Involutesplineshavemaximumstrengthatthebase,canbeaccuratelyspacedandareself-centering,thusequalizingthebearingandstresses,andtheycanbemeasuredandfittedaccurately.美国渐开线标准：这种花键的成型和齿轮的内外花键类似。通常的成型加工方法是外花键用滚铳刀、搓齿或插齿刀，内花键用拉削、齿轮插齿刀。内花键的尺寸是固定的，外花键根据不同的配合采用不同的尺寸。渐开线花键在近跟处有最大的强度，（键齿）能精确分布和自定心，这样就有相同的支撑力和应力，同时能准确地配合和测量。译注A4：内花键尺寸不变，外花键变，原理等同于基孔制。InAmericanNationalStandardANSIB92.1-1970（R1993）,manyfeaturesofthe1960standardareretained;plustheadditionofthreetoleranceclasses,foratotaloffour.Theterm4involuteserration,formerlyappliedtoinvolutesplineswith45-degreepressureangle,hasbeendeletedandthestandardnowincludesinvolutesplineswith30-,37.5-,and45-degreepressureangles.Tablesforthesesplineshavebeenrearrangedaccordingly.Theterm“serration''willnolongerapplytosplinescoveredbythisStandard.在美国渐开线标准ANSlB92.1-1970（R1993）中，保留了许多1960版本的特征；增加了三种公差等级，现一共有四种公差等级。前版中45度压力角使用的术语“渐开线锯齿involuteserration,本版本已经删除。现在版本包含了30度、37.5度和40度压力角的渐开线花键。相对应的表格也做了更新。术语“involuteserration”不再适用本标准。TheStandardhasonlyonefitclassforallsidefitsplines;theformerClass2fit.Class1fithasbeendeletedbecauseofitsinfrequentuse.Themajordiameteroftheflatrootsidefitsplinehasbeenchangedandatoleranceappliedtoincludetherangeofthe1950andthe1960standards.Theinterchangeabilitylimitationswithsplinesmadetopreviousstandardsaregivenlaterinthesectionentitled"Interchangeability.”本标准中只有一种齿侧配合情况:第二种情况。在旧标准中的第一种情况由于不太使用已经被删除。平齿根齿侧配合中的大径已经有所变化，并且应用了包含1950和I960版本范围的公差。旧版本的花键术语“interchangeabilitylimitations,己经被新版本的Interchangeability”代替。译注A5：旧版中的配合第一种情况是“较松配合”，第二种情况是“较紧配合参数是CVmin,较松配合的CVmin的值见旧版，这里不讨论，较紧配合的CVmin=0“原来"最大实际弧齿槽宽”的计算公式为：SmaX=Smin+Cvmin+m+（具体参数意思看后面章节），删除第一种情况后SmaX=Smin+m+-Therehavebeennotolerancenorfitchangestothemajordiameterfitsection外径配合部分，（与旧版相比）公差和配合情况没有改变。TheStandardrecognizesthefactthatproperassemblybetweenmatingsplinesisdependentonlyonthesplinebeingwithineffectivespecificationsfromthetipofthetoothtotheformdiameter.Therefore,onsidefitsplines,theinternalsplinemajordiameternowisshownasamaximumdimensionandtheexternalsplineminordiameterisshownasaminimumdimension.Theminimuminternalmajordiameterandthemaximumexternalminordiametermustclearthespecifiedformdiameterandthusdonotneedanyadditionalcontrol.本标准认为影响花键合理装配的作用区域是从齿顶（外花键大圆或内花键小圆）到“渐开线构成圆”之间的那段范围，因此在齿侧配合情况下，内花键大径以“最大尺寸值”出现，外花键小径以“最小尺寸值”出现。“内花键大径的最小值”应大于“渐开线构成圆”的直径，“外花键小径的最大值”应小于“渐开线构成圆”的直径（见后面“FormCircle"的定义）。此外，没必要指定额外的控制条件（见“译注B7”）。Thesplinespecificationtablesnowincludeagreaternumberoftolerancelevelselections.Thesetoleranceclasseswereaddedforgreaterselectiontosuitendproductneeds.Theselectionsdifferonlyinthetoleranceasappliedtospacewidthandtooththickness.花键的规格表中，提供了多种公差水平的选择，以适应最终装配需求。选择不同的公差在“弧齿槽宽”和“弧齿厚”中应用。*SeeAmericanNationalStandardANSIB92.2M-1980（Rl989）,MetricModuleInvoluteSplines;alsoseepage2177.见美国国家标准ANSIB92.2M-1980（Rl989）公制模数渐开线花键，可也参见（原版的）第2177页。译注A6：渐开线花键（也包括渐开线齿轮）所定义的“齿宽”、“齿厚”，都是指瓠度方向上的长度。Thetoleranceclassu