争创中国2023：中国对能源安全的追求推动风能和太阳能的发展（英）.docx

ARacetotheTopCHINAGlobal三rABOUTG1.OBA1.ENERGYMONITORGlobalEnergyMonitorisanonprofitresearchorganizationdevelopinginformationonenergyprojectsworldwide.ThroughitsGIObaISOIarPoWerTraCkerandGlobalWindPoWerTraCkerprojects,GlobalEnergyMonitorprovidesannualupdatesondpowerfacilities.GlobalEnergyMonitordataisusedbytheInternationalEnergyAgency(IEA),theOECDEnvironmentDirectorate,UNEnvironmentProgramme,U.S.TreasuryDepartment,andtheWorldBank.Formoreinformation,visitwww.globalenergymonitor.Qrg.AUTHORSDorothyMeiisaprojectmanageratGlobalEnergyMonitor.MartinWeilisaresearcheratGlobalEnergyMonitor.ShradheyPrasadistheprojectmanagerfortheGlobalWindPowerTracker.KasandraOzMaliaistheprojectmanagerfortheGlobalSolarPowerTracker.IngridBehrsinisthedirectoroftheRenewables&OtherPowerprogramatGlobalEnergyMonitor.AboutthecoverThecoverphotoshowsaphotovoltaicplantandawindturbineinDongtaipondlocatedinYanchengzJiangsuProvince,China.ImagefromiStockwithcredittoshenjungong.EditingandproductionEditingcontributionsprovidedbyTedNace,XingZhang,1.auriMyllyvirtazFloraChampenois,DavidHoffman,andCarolinaChau.CopyeditsbyAmandaDeBord.MapsandfiguresdevelopedbyShradheyPrasadandKasandraOzMalia.DesignandpagelayoutsbyDavidVanNess.copyrightholders.Copyright©June2023byGlobalEnergyMonitor.FURTHERRESOURCESForadditionaldataonproposedandexistingsolarprojects,seeSUmmaryDataoftheGlobalSolarPowerTracker.ForlinkstoreportsbasedontheGlobalSolarPowerTrackerdata,seeRePOrtS&Briefings.ToobtainprimarydatafromtheGlobalSolarPowerTracker,seeDOWnIoadData.Foradditionaldataonproposedandexistingwindprojects,seeSUmmaryDataoftheGlobalWindPowerTracker.ForlinkstoreportsbasedontheGlobalWindPowerTrackerdata,seeRCPortS&Briefings.ToobtainprimarydatafromtheGlobalWindPowerTracker,seeDOWnlOadData.Supplementaryinformationonthemethodologyusedincalculationsforthisreportcanbefoundonourmethodologywikipage.ACKNOW1.EDGEMENTSThisreportwasmadepossiblewithsupportfromtheQuadratureClimateFoundation.MEDIACONTACTDorothyMeiProjectManager,GlobalEnergyMonitor+1dorothy.mciglobalcncrgymonitor.orgPermissionszcopyrightThispublicationmaybereproducedinwholeorinpartandinanyformforeducationalornonprofitpurposeswithoutspecialpermissionfromthecopyrightholders,providedthatacknowledgementofthesourceismade.NouseofthispublicationmaybemadeforresaleorothercommercialpurposewithoutthewrittenpermissionoftheARacetotheTop:ChinaCHINA'SQUESTFORENERGYSECURITYDRIVESWINDANDSO1.ARDEVE1.OPMENTDorothyMeizMartinWeil,ShradheyPrasad,KasandraO,MaliazandIngridBehrsinSUMMARYWithitsfocusonrenewableenergydevelopmentoverthepast15years,Chinahasbecometheglobalrenewableenergyleader,hostingnearlyhalfoftheworld'stotaloperatingWindandSolarcapacity.Thisambitiouspushhasbeengeographicallywidespread:everyprovinceandmostcountiesaredevelopinglargeutility-scale1solarandwindpower.Megawindandsolarbases,primarilysituatedinChina'snorthernandnorthwestdeserts,anchorChina'srenewableenergyambitionsandboastaprospectivecapacitygreaterthanthe2022totaloperatingwindandsolarCaPaCityoftheUnitedStates.ThesebaseswillserveasthecenterpieceofChina'srenewableenergyexpansionandacornerstoneofthecountry'soverallenergysecuritystrategy.Chinahasskyrocketedtothetopoftheglobalwindandsolarleaderboardthroughacombinationofincentivesandregulatorymeasures.Asitlookstothefuture,thecountryispoisedtomaintainitsleadershippositionbyimplementingambitiousinitiativesthatembraceinnovativeapproachestoaddresstheintermittentandvolatilenatureofwindandsolarpower,thusensuringamoresecureenergyfuture.KeyTakeaways: Chinazsoperatinglargeutility-scalesolarcapacityhasreached228GWmorethantherestoftheworldcombined.ThemajorityoftheseinstallationsareconcentratedinthenorthernandnorthwestprovincesofChina,withShanxi,Xinjiang,andHebeirankingasthetopthreeprovincesintermsoflargeutility-scalesolarcapacity. China/scombinedonshoreandoffshorewindcapacityhasdoubledfromwhatitwasin2017andnowsurpasses310GW.ThehighestconcentrationofoperatingwindcapacityinChinaisinthenorthernandnorthwesternregions.InnerMongolia,HebeizandXinjiangarethetopthreeprovincesintermsofoperatingwindcapacity.1.GEMcatalogsallsolarinstallationsgreaterthan20MWandallwindinstallationsgreaterthan10MW.- Operatingoffshorewindcapacityhasreached31.4GWzandaccountsforapproximately10%ofChina,stotalwindcapacityandexceedstheoperatingoffshorecapacityofallofEurope.- Approximately379GWofprospectivelargeutility-scalesolarcapacityandthebulkofthe371GWofprospectivewindcapacityidentifiedarescheduledforinstallationbytheendof2025.Itisthereforehighlylikelythattheprovincialtargets(approximately1,371GWforwindandsolar)willbeachieved,surpassingthecentralgovernment'stargetoflz200GWwellaheadof2030.Thisprospectivecapacityisenoughtoincreasetheglobalwindfleetbynearly50%andgrowgloballargeutility-scalesolarinstallationsby85%overcurrentlevels.Chinaisnowactivelypromotingpowerstorageinconjunctionwithnewwindandsolarfarms,exploringintegratedgeneration,storage,andloadmanagementsystems,andbuildingdozensofgreenhydrog