世界经济论坛-量子经济蓝图（英）.docx

WOR1.DECONOMICFORUMIncollaborationwithIBMandSandboxAQQuantumEconomyBlueprintINSIGHTREPORTJANUARY2024Images:GettyImagesContentsForeword3Preface5Executivesummary6Introduction71 Themesandbuildingblocks151.1 Theme1:TranSformativecapabilities161.2 Theme2:Accesstohardwareinfrastructureandthesupplychain201.3 Theme3:Openinnovationandcommercialization261.4 Theme4:Creatingawareness301.5 Theme5:Workforcedevelopment321.6 Theme6:Nationalandeconomicsecurity361.7 Theme7:Cybersecurityandprivacy371.8 Theme8:Governance,responsibleinnovationandstandardization421.9 Theme9:Sustainability462 Blueprintinpractice492.1 Responsibility-based-whoinitiatedthestrategy?502.2 Geographic-scope-based:regionalvsnationalvsstate52Conclusionandnextsteps55Appendix56Contributors58Endnotes60DisclaimerThisdocumentispublishedbytheWorldEnomicForumasantributiontoaproject,insightareaorinteraction.Thefindings,interpretationsandconclusionsexpressedhereinarearesultofacollaborativeprocessfacilitatedandendorsedbytheWorldEnomicForumbutwhoseresultsdonotnecessarilyrepresenttheviewsoftheWorldEconomicForum,northeentiretyofitsMembers,Partnersorotherstakeholders.©2024WorldEconomicForum.Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,includingphotocopyingandrecording,orbyanyinformationstorageandretrievalsystem.January2024QuantumEconomyBlueprintForewordJosephS.BrozVice-President,QuantumGrowthandMarketDevelopment,IBMJackHidaryChiefExecutiveOfficer,SandboxAQThemissionofIBMis“tobringusefulquantumcomputingtotheworld',and"tomaketheworldquantumsafe".Itisimportantthatglobalusersofthisnewtechnologyembraceconstructivevaluesofscientificreciprocityandcollaboration,fairtrade,andhonourtheruleoflawwithrespecttointellectualpropertyandcontractualagreement.Asquantumtechnologymaturesandenterstheeraofutility-scalequantumcomputing,itbemesincreasinglyimportantforregional,national,andindustrialconsortiatodevelopstrategiesforusingquantumcapabilitiesthatincorporateandsupportthesevalues.AsofDecember2023,24countrieshavesomeformofnationalinitiativeorstrategytosupportquantumtechnologydevelopment.Manyofthesegovernmentsexplicitlyacknowledgeaneedtoguidetheethical,social,legalandeconomicimplicationsofquantumtechnologies,includingtheimpactoncybersecurityandtheglobalfinancialsystem,bluntthepotentialformonopolizationormilitarizationbycertaincountriesormultinationals,andpromotetheactivediscussionofdataprivacyandequity.Thisblueprintoutlinesthekeyelementsforestablishingvalue-ledstrategiesthatareinclusiveandsupportiveofdemocraticaccesstoquantumcomputingresources.ItprovidesguidancethatenablesthenextstepafteradoptingtheestablishedQUantUmCOmPUtinqGOVernanCePrinCipies.Itallowspolicy-makerstoputthecorevaluesandprinciplesintopracticebydefiningtheirimplementationaspartofacoherentregionalornationalstrategy.Quantumtechnologiescantransformentireindustries,advancehumansocietyandtacklesomeofourworld'sbiggestchallenges.Theinnovationsthesetechnologieswillbringtohealthcare,technology,energyproduction,finance,cybersecurityandmorewillbenefiteveryoneandshouldbesharedforthebettermentofsociety,thesustainabilityoftheplanet,andthewelfareoffuturegenerations.SandboxAQisproudtocollaboratewiththeWorldEnomicForumonitsblueprintforbuildingnationalquantumecosystems.SandboxAQ1Smissionistohelpcorporations,governmentsandresearchinstitutionsharnessthepowerofartificialintelligence(AI)andquantumtechnologiestodeliverbreakthroughsolutionstouniqueandcomplexchallenges.Quantumtechnologiesgowellbeyondquantumcomputerstoincludequantumsensing,quantumnetworking,quantum-safecyberandquantumsimulation.Manyoftheseareasarehavinganimpactrightnow,wellaheadoffault-tolerantquantumcomputers.Alandquantumtecharesynergetictechnologies.Al,forexample,canpullsignalsoutofhighlysensitivequantumsensorsthatdrivekeyapplicationsinmedicineandnavigation.Itwilltakeanorchestrated,globalinitiativetoensurethatthebenefitsofAlandquantumtechnologyaredistributedequitablyamongnationstoavoidthegrowingquantumdivide.TheWorldEconomicForum'svisionforandapproachtothedemocratizationandglobalizationofquantumtechnologieswillhaveabroadandlong-lastingimpactonthefutureofsociety.ForewordJeremyJurgensManagingDirector.WOridEconomicForumUnlockingthepromiseofquantumtechnologiesandstrengtheningtheeffortsindevelopingreal-worldquantumapplicationsrequiresclosepublicprivatecollaborationinresearchanddevelopmentandscalingglobally.TheForum'sQuantumEconomyNetworkaimstoencourageglobalcollaborationandthesharingofknowledge,increasingtheawarenessofthepotentialofthetechnologyandbuildingreadinesstomitigatecybersecurityrisks.TheForumismmittedtoworkingwiththeecosystemtoadvancetheresponsibleinnovationandmmercializationofquantumtechnology.TheQuantumEnomyBlueprintprovidesaroadmaptobuildquantumecosystemsinanequitablemannertopreventawideningg