美国名人诗人、小说家和剧作家兰斯顿·休斯1.docx

美国名人诗人、小说家和剧作家兰斯顿休斯11.angstonHughes,1902-1967:ThePoeticVoiceofAfricanAmericansplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-18:26repeatByCynthiaKirk2008-4-5VOICEONE:mMaryTillotson.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmberwiththeVOASpecialEnglishprogram,PEOPLEINAMERICA.Today,wetellaboutwriterLangstonHughes,whohasbeencalledthepoetvoiceofAfricanAmericans.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:1.angstonHughes1.angstonHughesisusuallythoughtofasapoet.Buthealsowrotenovels,playszshortstories,essays,autobiographies,newspapercolumns,children'sbooks,andthewordstooperas.HealsotranslatedintoEnglishtheworksofforeignpoets.Hugheswasoneofthefirstblackwriterswhocouldsupporthimselfbyhiswritings.Heispraisedforhisabilitytosaywhatwasimportanttomillionsofblackpeople.Hughesproducedahugeamountofworkduringhislifetime.Healsohasinfluencedtheworkofmanyotherwriters.Hewroteforalmostfiftyyears.VOICETWO:1.angstonHugheswasfamousforhisdescriptionsofblackAmericanlife.Heusedhisworktopraisehispeopleandvoicehisconcernsaboutraceandsocialinjustice.Hisworkisknownallaroundtheworldandhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages.Hughes'spoetryhadseriousmessages.Heoftenwroteaboutracialissues,describinghispeopleinarealisticway.AlthoughhisstorywasnotOftenpleasant,hetolditwithunderstandingandwithhope.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:1.angstonHugheswasborninJoplinzMissouri,innineteen-oh-two.Hisparentswereseparated.HespentmostofhischildhoodwithhisgrandmotherinLawrence,Kansas.Shetoldhimstoriesabouttheirfamilyandtheirfighttoendslavery.Herstorytellingfilledhimwithprideinhimselfandhisrace.Hefirstbegantowritepoetrywhenhewaslivingwithher.Whenhewasfourteen,hemovedtoCleveland,Ohio,tostaywithhismotherandhernewhusband.HeattendedCentralHighSchoolinCleveland,Ohio.LangstonwasnamedClassPoetoneyear.Hepublishedhisfirstshortstorieswhilehewasstillinhighschool.VOICETWO:1.angstonHughesstruggledwithafeelingoflonelinesscausedbyhisparent'sdivorce.Hedevelopedaloveofreadingbooksasawaytodealwiththelackoftimehisparentsspentwithhim.Hisloveforreadinggrewintoadesiretowrite.Hewantedtoreproducethepowerfuleffectotherwritershadmadeuponhim.AmongtheearlyinfluencesonhiswritingwerepoetsWaltWhitman,CarlSandburgandPaulLawrenceDunbar.A代ergraduatingfromhighschoolinnineteentwenty,LangstonmovedtoMexicoCitytolivewithhisfatherforoneyear.HisfatherhadmovedtheretoescaperacisminAmerica.Hisfatherdidnotoffermuchwarmthtohisson.Yet,Langstonturnedthepaincausedbyhisfamilyproblemsintooneofhismostfamouspoemsz"TheNegroSpeaksofRivers."Inthispoem,hespeaksofthestrengthandprideofblackpeopleinancientAfricancivilizationsandinAmerica.(SOUND:"TheNegroSpeaksofRivers")VOICEONE:1.angstonHugheslearnedalotaboutrace,andaboutsocialandeconomicconditionswhilehewasinMexico.HisabilitytospeakSpanishandhisbrownskinoftenmadeiteasyforhimtoappeartobeanative.Manyofhisworks,includingaplayforchildren,dealwithhisdaysinMexico.DuringthetimehestayedwithhisfatherinMexico,Langstonwrotemanypoemsbecausehewasalwaysunhappy.Heoncesaidthatheusuallycreatedhisbestworkwhenhewasreallynothappy.1.angstonhadatroubledrelationshipwithhisfatherfromwhichheneverrecoveredfully.Hisfatherdidnotthinkhecouldearnalivingasawriter.Hismother;however,recognizedhisneedtobeapoet.VOICETWO:1.angston'sfatheragreedtopayforhiscollegeeducationatColumbiaUniversityinNewYorkCityzifhestudiedengineering.LangstonarrivedinNewYorkwhenhewasnineteenyearsold.AttheendofthatfirstyearatColumbia,heleftschool,brokewithhisfather,andbegantraveling.Travelingwasalifelonglovethatwouldtakehimthroughouttheworldbeforehedied.Innineteentwenty-two,HughestookajobonashipandsailedtoAfrica.HewouldlatersailtoFrance,Russia,SpainandItaly.Hewrotepoemsandshortstoriesduringhistravels.Hisexperienceswhiletravelinggreatlyinfluencedhiswork.Hesentafewofhiswritingsbackhome.Theywerepublished,whichhelpedestablishhimasaprofessionalwriter.FinancialproblemsendedHughes'stravels.HetriedtofindworkonashipsohecouldreturntotheUnitedStates.ButinItaly,hehadproblemsfindingworkonashipbecausehewasblack.Inthepoem,"I,Too",henotedthattheAmericancolorlineevenreachedallthewayoverthere.(SOUND:"I,Too")VOICEONE:Innineteentwenty-four,LangstonHughesreturnedtotheUnitedStatestolivewithhismotherinWashington,D.C.ThepoetVachelLindsayateinahotelwhereHugheswasworking.HughesputsomepoemshehadwrittennexttoLindsay'sdinnerplate.Lindsaygaveapoetryreadinglaterthatnight.HereadsomeofHughes'spoetry,too.NewspapersacrossthecountrywroteaboutLindsay'spoetryreading.Hughesbecameknownasanewblackpoet.AyearlateHughesreturnedtoNewYork.Throughtheyearshelivedinmanyplaces,butalwayscamebacktoNewYork'sHarlemarea.HarlemwasthecenterofblacklifeinNewYorkCity.Hughes'screativitywasinfluencedbyhislifeinHarlem.VOICETWO:1.angstonHughesreturnedtoNewYorkduringaperiodcalledtheHarlemRenaissance.Ittookplaceduringthenineteentwentiesandthirties.TheHarlemRenaissancewasaperiodofgreatartisticcreativityamongblackpeople.Forthefirsttime,blackartisticexpressionwasbeingwidelyrecognized.Hughesbecamefriendswithothergreatblackwritersofthetime,suchasClaudeMcKay,CounteeCullenandZoraNealHurston.Theyhopedthat